Oxygen regulation of microbial communities and chemical compounds in cigar tobacco curing.

As fermentation progressed, the microbial abundance of both Firmicutes and Staphylococcus showed a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing, with a decrease at the end of fermentation; while the microbial abundance of both Ascomycota and Aspergillus showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing, with an increase at the end of fermentation.

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Previous research has shown that the nicotine content in artificially fermented Yunnan cigar tobacco leaves is about 4.4 to 6.6%, with a decreasing trend during fermentation and a relatively rapid rate of change ( Wu et al., 2023 ).

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