Study on the Regulatory Mechanism of the PDK1-Mediated TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Hypoxia-Induced Yak Lungs.

Comparative analysis was performed using one-way or two-way ANOVA, with significance determined as follows: p < 0.05, significant; p < 0.001, highly significant; p > 0.05, not significant. 3.

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Effect of Hypoxia on Apoptosis Levels in Yellow Cattle, Yak, and Their PDK1-Overexpressing PASMCs With the change in incubation time under hypoxic conditions, the apoptosis level of yellow cattle PASMCs showed a decreasing trend by flow cytometry ( Figure 6 A,B,I), and the apoptosis level of yak PASMCs showed a decreasing and then increasing trend ( Figure 6 E–H,J), which was consistent with the expression trend of anti-apoptosis indicator, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bax ratio, and apoptosis gene, Caspase3 ( Figure 6 K–M).

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The apoptosis level of PASMCs from yaks stably transfected with PDK1-OEcon showed a decreasing and then an increasing trend ( Figure 7 A–D,I), which was consistent with the expression trend of the anti-apoptosis indicator Bcl-2/Bax ratio ( Figure 7 K,L), and the apoptosis level of PASMCs from yaks stably transfected with PDK1-OE showed a decreasing trend ( Figure 7 E–H,J), and the expression of anti-apoptosis indicator Bcl-2/Bax ratio showed a trend of first increase and then decrease ( Figure 7 K,L); meanwhile, the expression trend of apoptosis gene Caspase3 was consistent in both ( Figure 7 M).

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