Associations between Glyphosate Exposure and Glycemic Disorders: A Focus on the Modifying Effect of Sex Hormones.

Effect of Low Circulating SHBG on Association of Urinary Glyphosate with Glycemic Outcomes The results of the interaction effect analyses ( Supplementary Table S4 ) indicated that gender, ethnicity, educational level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body measure index (BMI), serum TT, and serum E2 did not modify the associations of urinary glyphosate with glycemic variables ( P for interaction > 0.05); the only marginally significant interactive relationships identified were between SHBG and glyphosate on HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, and FINS ( P for interaction = 0.023, 0.023, and 0.024, respectively) ( P FDR for interaction = 0.051, 0.051, and 0.051, respectively) ( Table 2 ).

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