TOWARDS Study: Patient-Derived Xenograft Engraftment Predicts Poor Survival in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Patients with residual cancer burden (RCB) 3 (minimal treatment effect) were more likely to have had tumors that engrafted in mice (50% v 19%, 31%, and 16% for RCB 0, 1, and 2, respectively); however, the relationship between PDX engraftment and RCB class did not reach statistical significance (Fisher exact test; P = .3).

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Here, we report the 1-year end point, where we found a highly significant association between PDX engraftment and poor outcome that was more accurate and more specific than pCR for predicting early (1-year) recurrence.

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