First trimester maternal serum PAPP-A and free β-hCG levels and risk of SGA or LGA in women with and without GDM.

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth · 2024 · PMC11380344 · PMID 39242998

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

However, within the GDM group, an elevated fβ-hCG MoM level beyond the 90th pc exhibited an association with LGA (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.5), while surpassing the 95th pc did not reach statistical significance.

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