Decreased dust particles amplify the cloud cooling effect by regulating cloud ice formation over the Tibetan Plateau.

Concurrently, the net total flux of CREs (SFC CRE NET) and the net total flux of top of the atmosphere CREs (TOA CRE NET), both derived from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES), also showed a similar decreasing trend over the same period (all P < 0.1, based on the Mann-Kendall monotonic trend test), with a negative trend of −0.60 ± 0.14 and −0.43 ± 0.16 W m −2 year −1 , respectively ( Fig. 5B , fig.

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