Wind gradient exploitation during foraging flights by black skimmers (Rynchops niger).

However, it was overshadowed by a highly significant correlation between angle with respect to the wind and descending/ascending flight speed ( Z ′) in both reference frames (linear mixed-effects models: P <0.001; Table 2 ).

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This correlation was also weakly significant in the air reference frame in the low altitude flight condition data (linear mixed-effects models: P <0.05; Table 2 ).

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