a significant trendP = 2.24 ×10 −14
In addition, there was a significant trend toward higher PC1 values in the order of healthy controls, CMD-free IBD patients, and CMD-affected IBD patients ( P = 2.24 ×10 −14 in a Jonckheere-Terpstra test among the three groups, P = 0.0345 between CMD-free and CMD-affected IBD patient groups).