1 B, the frequency of the I431V, S436A/F, A437G, K540E, A581G, and A613S alleles all showed a trend of increasing from 2012 to 2022, but the difference was not statistically significant.
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Prevalence of molecular markers of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from West Africa during 2012-2022.
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The sentences
The mutant prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the Pfdhfr gene had sustained a high level for the 10-year period, while mutants in the Pfdhps gene showed an increasing trend.