The Impact of Acute Ammonia Nitrogen Stress on Serum Biochemical Indicators and Spleen Gene Expression in Juvenile Yellowfin Tuna (<i>Thunnus albacares</i>).

As time progressed, the T-CHO levels in the L1 and L2 groups showed a decreasing trend, dropping by −2.39 ± 0.25 mmol/L and −2.45 ± 0.23 mmol/L at 36 h, respectively ( Figure 1 e).

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However, at ammonia nitrogen concentrations of 5–10 mg/L and stress durations of 6 to 24 h, the levels of metabolic-related serum indicators (TG), immune-related indicators (C3, AKP), and glomerular permeability (CRE) showed an increasing trend.

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The results indicate that in the L1 group, the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4) levels, and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity showed a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing.

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