Effect of nicotine mouth spray on urges to vape: A randomized, placebo-controlled, pharmacodynamic clinical trial in exclusive e-cigarette users.

Addiction · 2025 · PMC11638496 · PMID 39315821

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.3400

closest p · 6.8× alpha

0.3400

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significanceP = 0.34not close (p > 0.1)

This difference was of a similar order of magnitude, but did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.34).

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