The role of the gut microbiota in infectious complications during immunochemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The overall effectiveness of RCHOP immunochemotherapy was 83%: 26 patients (63%) achieved CR, eight patients (20%) had PR, six patients (15%) had PD, and one patient was not evaluated for treatment efficacy (Table 1 ). Baseline abundance of Enterobacteriaceae increased in patients who developed bacterial infection The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed a lower baseline level of alpha diversity of the gut microbiota in patients who developed bacterial infection than in those who did not; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.233; Fig. 1 A).

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