Myopia prevalence, refractive status and uncorrected myopia among primary and secondary school students in Germany.

Using multiple regression analysis, we found no associations with SER in the younger sample (S1, N = 483): The model with the predictors grade and gender did not reach statistical significance ( R 2 = 0.004, p = 0.371).

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Furthermore, when adding grade × gender interactions to our regression model for predicting SER in S2, the interaction term for grade 10 was close to significance (see Supplementary materials S5 ) – even though the model did not outperform the model without the interaction.

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