Evaluation of primary HPV-based cervical screening among older women: Long-term follow-up of a randomized healthcare policy trial in Sweden.

The overall long-term relative risk of ICC comparing primary HPV-based screening to primary cytology-based screening did not reach statistical significance in our current study, most likely due to a substantial part of the cytology arm subsequently being re-tested with the more sensitive method of primary HPV test as a result of a change in national recommendations for screening among older women in 2017—which affected all women equally in the nation.

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