Wind farms reduce grassland plant community diversity and lead to plant community convergence.

Effects of the wind farm on grassland plants beta diversity Species and functional beta diversity showed a decreasing trend with rising distance from the wind turbines (Fig. 4 a, b).

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It was found that wind farms significantly affected the community weight means of eight functional traits, among which the community weight means of height, leaf area, dry mass, specific area, dry matter content, carbon content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio showed a trend of significant increase with the enhancement of the effect of wind farms, and the community weight means of leaf phosphorus content showed a trend of significant decrease (Fig. 7 ).

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