A positive value of Qi suggests an increasing trend, and a negative value of Qi offers a decreasing trend in the time series.
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Analysis of spatiotemporal distribution, variability, and trends of rainfall in Wollo area, Northeastern Ethiopia.
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The sentences
The MMK test showed that the annual rainfall during the Kiremt (summer-main rainy season) had an increasing trend.
The significance of a trend is calculated by the Z-score using: { o Z = s − 1 v a r ( s ) , i f s > 0 Z = 0 , i f s = 0 Z = s + 1 v a r ( s ) , i f s < 0 (9) When Z value exceeds either of the confidence limit lines, it shows a significant trend at a given significance level.