XGBoost Enhances the Performance of SAFE: A Novel Microwave Imaging System for Early Detection of Malignant Breast Cancer.

For the significance levels, p -values were categorized as follows: a p -value less than 0.0001 was considered highly significant (****), p -values between 0.0001 and 0.001 indicated strong significance (***), p -values ranging from 0.001 to 0.01 were categorized as moderately significant (**), and p -values between 0.01 and 0.05 represented mild significance (*). 3.

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