Impact of re-operation on progression-free survival in patients with recurrent GBM: Experience in a tertiary referral center.

Tumor focality was a strong predictor of survival, as patients with unifocal tumors had a median survival of 17 months (95% CI: 15.111–18.889), while those with multifocal tumors had a median survival of only 6 months (95% CI: 2.801–9.199), with a highly significant p-value of <0.001.

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The extent of tumor resection showed a trend towards improved survival with gross total resection (GTR), though this was not statistically significant (HR: 0.663, 95% CI: 0.430–1.022, p = 0.063).

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