showed a trendP > 0.05
While worker bees in fermented pollen group showed a trend towards increased body weight compared to unfermented control group, this difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05).
While worker bees in fermented pollen group showed a trend towards increased body weight compared to unfermented control group, this difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05).
Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation, with P < 0.05 indicating a significant difference and P < 0.01 indicating a highly significant difference.
The results of the present study were consistent with previous studies, showing a decreasing trend in immune gene expression after 10 days.