Effect of long-term exercise on circulating ghrelin in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Nutr · 2025 · PMC11798780 · PMID 39917742

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.3800

boldest claim

The sentences

a notable trendp = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Subgroup analysis showed that aerobic exercise (AE) had no significant effect (SMD = −0.16, 95% CI = −0.46–0.15, p = 0.32), while resistance exercise (RE) showed a notable trend toward weight reduction (SMD = −1.07, 95% CI = −2.18–0.04, p = 0.06).

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a negative trendp = 0.380not close (p > 0.1)

Similarly, weight changes also exhibited a negative trend with ghrelin levels ( β = −0.40, 95% CI: −1.29–0.49, p = 0.380), but this association was not significant, with no explanatory power ( R 2 = 0.00%).

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