The role of the estimated glomerular filtration rate and body roundness index in the risk assessment of uric acid-lowering therapy-resistant gout in U.S. adults: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018).

Linear trend analysis revealed a decreasing trend, with ORs of 0.379, 0.389, and 0.194 for UALT-RG among the other three eGFR groups compared with the <29 ml/min/1.73 m 2 eGFR group in Model 3; i.e., the risk of developing UALT-RG was reduced by 0.621, 0.611, and 0.806 with increasing CKD stage, respectively ( p for trend < 0.001).

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Moreover, in Model 3, compared with that in the Q1 BRI group (<4.00), the risk of developing UALT-RG increased differently in the Q2 (4.00–5.09), Q3 (5.10–6.39), and Q4 (≥6.40) BRI groups by 0.477, 0.997, and 0.774, respectively, but the linear trend did not reach statistical significance ( p for trend = 0.074), whereas it was statistically significant in Model 2 ( p for trend = 0.037, Table 2 ).

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