a notable trendp = 0.04
Additionally, there was a notable trend toward improvement in MMSE scores after supplementation (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI 0.04 to 1.26, t 12 = 2.31, p = 0.04), also accompanied by significant heterogeneity ( I 2 = 91%, p < 0.01) ( Figure 4 ).