We found a positive correlation between baseline caudate volume and TTS change from baseline to 12-month measurements that was near significance (r = 0.21, p = 0.06); that is, those with a larger caudate at baseline tended to show less subsequent improvement in tic symptoms ( Table 3 , Figure 1 ).
Group differences for whole hippocampal volume nearly reached significance at p = 0.06 [F(2,182) = 2.81].
While the group difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.10), the effect sizes were similar to Kim et al.
In the significant vertices from the caudate TS-HC surface comparison, the TS group showed an overall trend of greater outward deformation from the population average surface compared to both the HC and NT groups.