Prenatal Exposure to Metals Is Associated with Placental Decelerated Epigenetic Gestational Age in a Sex-Dependent Manner in Infants Born Extremely Preterm.

Cells · 2025 · PMC11854159 · PMID 39996777

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

However, while they did not reach statistical significance, there were eGA deceleration trends in male-specific analyses for the essential metals sub-group (adjusted β: −0.07 weeks of gestation; 95% CI: −0.29, 0.16) with Mn and Cu having the greatest negative contributions of −0.52 and −0.48, respectively.

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a positive trendno p-value reported

The non-essential metals sub-group exhibited a positive trend with eGAA in males (adjusted β: 0.12 weeks of gestation; 95% CI: −0.13, 0.37), while eGA deceleration was observed in females (adjusted β: −0.04 weeks of gestation; 95% CI: −0.34, 0.26).

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