Maternal effect senescence Offspring survival decreased with maternal ages at and above 11 years old (Figure 4a , Table S6 ), but the decline with age on offspring recruitment did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.160, Figure 4b , Table S5 ), indicating mixed evidence of maternal effect senescence.
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Reproductive success and offspring survival decline for female elephant seals past prime age.
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0.1600
0.1600