Barely Significant
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Regional COVID-19 measures and effects on subjective well-being in Germany: observing trends over time with data from a large population survey.

Front Public Health · 2025 · PMC11905229 · PMID 40084213

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a negative trendno p-value reported
Conclusion The effects of socio-economic indicators were not strong enough to suggest that lower social status is generally associated with a negative trend in well-being.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported
Looking at the changes in affective well-being over the pandemic phases, adjusted only for sociodemographic indicators and pre-pandemic well-being, there was a significant decline during the first phase with lowered values during phases 2 and 3 followed by slightly increased values beginning with phase 4 (which started during the second lockdown) and a decreasing trend starting with phase 6b in autumn/winter 2021.

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an overall trendno p-value reported
Representative telephone surveys from before and during the pandemic also point to an overall trend toward a decline in mental health measures during the course of the pandemic, particularly in the long term ( 32 ).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.