Effects of increasing n3:n6 ratio by replacing extruded soybeans with extruded flaxseed on dry matter intake, rumen fluid bacteria, and liver lipid metabolism in transition cows.

The KEGG pathway differential abundance score plot showed a trend of downregulation of differential metabolite expression in 16 pathways during the prepartum period, and no pathway was significantly upregulated ( P > 0.05) (Fig. 4 B), During the postpartum period, nine pathways showed a trend of downregulation of differential metabolite expression and seven pathways showed a trend of upregulation of differential metabolite expression, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, choline metabolism in cancer, and insulin resistance ( P < 0.05) (Fig. 4 D).

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