Although the interaction analysis did not reach statistical significance, suggesting no significant effect modification between subgroups, the independent effects still revealed notable associations The subgroup analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in the risk of incident CKD associated with transitioning from a healthy to frail state among subgroups with a BMI > 18.5 kg/m 2 , as well as regardless of current smoking status, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, hypertension status, hyperlipidemia status, and diabetes status ( Tables S5–S13 ).
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Frailty transitions and risk of chronic kidney disease: insights from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.
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