Modifying the Attention Bias Test to Assess the Emotional State of Dogs.

Animals (Basel) · 2025 · PMC11939796 · PMID 40150370

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0600

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally statistically significantp = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

There was a marginally statistically significant association between the two variables ( p = 0.06).

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Although some results did not reach statistical significance, trends in the data, such as increased tail wagging in the positive group and more zone exploration in the negative group, suggest the value of further exploration.

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