Analysis of Nicotine Toxicity and Mechanisms of Senescence in Nucleus Pulposus Cells Using Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking Technique.

JOR Spine · 2025 · PMC11956214 · PMID 40171441

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CCL2, HDAC1, and KDM1A showed a trend of high expression in IVDD patients, while CTSD, HDAC4, MYLK, NAMPT, NR1H2, and TERT showed a trend of low expression.

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