Effect of rye consumption on markers of glycemic control: evidence on the "rye factor": a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

In subgroup analysis, both dose subgroups showed a trend, although in opposite directions, for being significant: while doses < 12 g showed a trend for increased postprandial insulin (WMD = 0.33 mU/l, 95% CI: −0.04, 0.71 mU/l, P = 0.084; I 2 = 42.2%, P = 0.124; n = 6), doses ≥ 12 g indicated a trend for decreasing it (WMD = −0.26 mU/l, 95% CI: −0.56, 0.03 mU/l, P = 0.083; I 2 = 0%, P = 0.731; n = 6) (Table 6 ).

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