Multiple Indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) as independent prognostic indicators in pediatric osteosarcoma: A ten-year retrospective study.

Although tumors larger than 8 cm were more common in the multiple IPN subgroup (90.0 %) compared to the solitary IPN (56.3 %) and no-IPN groups (52.0 %), this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). 2.2 Risk factors for IPN development Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that extensive bone involvement was a significant risk factor for the development of IPNs, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.65 (95 % CI: 1.10–6.39, p = 0.030).

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