Effects of Blueberry Consumption on Fecal Microbiome Composition and Circulating Metabolites, Lipids, and Lipoproteins in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Older Adults with Overweight or Obesity: The BEACTIVE Trial.

In the placebo group, two taxa, Roseburia hominis and Lactococcus , were enriched, but the change did not reach statistical significance.

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Therefore, while there was a small trend toward reductions in TMAO with blueberry consumption, we cannot conclude that these minor changes would lead to a reduction in cardiovascular risk.

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With respect to the gut microbiome-related metabolites TMAO, betaine, and choline, the placebo-treated group had a small but statistically significant increase in TMAO in the fasting state ( p = 0.014) ( Table 3 ), whereas there was a slight trend for a reduction in TMAO in the participants whose diet was supplemented with blueberry powder in both the fasting and post-prandial states ( Table 3 and Table 4 ).

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