Association Between Caffeine Intake and Alzheimer's Disease Progression: A Systematic Review.

Cureus · 2025 · PMC12009456 · PMID 40255824

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The Mendelian randomization study suggested a protective effect of genetically predicted higher plasma caffeine levels against AD, with an odds ratio of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76-1.00), although this did not reach statistical significance.

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