Additionally, threonic acid, L-proline, N-oleyl-leucine, harman, and L-ornithine showed a trend toward significance ( p < 0.1, t -test) between the placebo group and the Probiotic group at the 4-week endpoint ( Fig. 7B ).
Among the metabolites that showed a trend toward statistical significance ( p < 0.1) in the pattern search results within the Probiotic group, five compounds—threonic acid, L-proline, N-oleyl-leucine, threonine-conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid, and N-methylglutamic acid—exhibited marginally significant differences ( p < 0.1, t -test) between 0-week baseline and the 4-week endpoint in the Probiotic group ( Fig. 7B ).