Microfluidic chip-based co-culture system for modeling human joint inflammation in osteoarthritis research.

The development of preclinical in vitro models reproducing the complexity of human joint diseases constitute an important trend in OA research, yet current models are still limited in their capacity to recapitulate the complex multicellular nature of human joints, hindering the development of an efficient therapy for OA ( Cope et al., 2019 ; Domínguez-Oliva et al., 2023 ; Malfait and Little, 2015 ; Perisin and Sund, 2018 ; Swearengen, 2018 ; Xie et al., 2018 ).

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