Prediction of dementia risk by instrumental activities of daily living limitations and its impact on dementia onset in combination with mild cognitive impairment: a population-based longitudinal study.

In the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis (reference: unimpaired cognition without IADL limitations), the HRs (95% CIs) of unimpaired cognition with IADL limitations, MCI without IADL limitations, and MCI with IADL limitations were 1.53 (0.90–2.61), 1.87 (1.28–2.74), and 2.88 (1.65–5.03), respectively, in the full-adjusted model (adjusted model 2), and a significant trend was observed in HRs between the four groups ( P < 0.001, Table 3 ).

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