Barely Significant
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Heavy metals exposure and risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among school children in Makassar City, Indonesia.

Toxicol Rep · 2025 · PMC12041754 · PMID 40309259

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marginal significanceno p-value reported
Conversely, lower Pb levels (< 4.5 μg/g) were associated with ASD (OR = 0.164, 95 % CI: 0.0215–0.980; p = 0.0569), although this result approached marginal significance.

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approached significanceno p-value reported
Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure also approached significance in correlating with child Hg levels, hinting at combined toxicological stresses on neurodevelopment [6] , [13] .

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