Adverse childhood experiences and chronic health outcomes: evidence from 33 US states in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2019-2023.

BMC Public Health · 2025 · PMC12051304 · PMID 40325404

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Other outcomes such as kidney disease (RR= 2.65), depressive disorder (RR= 1.69), and poor mental health days (RR= 2.56) showed elevated RR but did not reach statistical significance.

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