Multidimensional investigation of thyroid hormones and prostate cancer: insights from NHANES, Mendelian randomization, genetic markers, and bioinformatics analyses.

Discov Oncol · 2025 · PMC12095733 · PMID 40397285

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.1470

boldest claim

The sentences

a decreasing trendp < 0.001actually significant

Similarly, total T3 levels showed a decreasing trend in the high-risk group (103.365 ng/dL vs. 111.095 ng/dL), with this difference also being statistically significant (p < 0.001).

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borderline significancep = 0.052so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The borderline significance observed for T3 (p = 0.052) suggests that the association may become clearer with a larger sample size or more targeted data.

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.147not close (p > 0.1)

After adjusting for age, BMI, and PSA levels as continuous variables, the association between FT3 and prostate cancer risk remained positive but did not reach statistical significance (HR = 1.496, 95% CI: 0.868–2.580, p = 0.147) (Table 2 ).

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an overall trendno p-value reported

Across T3 quartiles, except for the highest, risk was lower compared to the reference quartile (Q1), with an overall trend of decreasing PCa risk with increasing T3 levels (p for trend = 0.023).This trend remained statistically significant in Model 1 and was maintained in Model 2, although the p for trend increased to 0.084.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.