Engineering Stepped Structures on Hydroxyapatite Surfaces: A Potential Strategy to Modulate Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Adhesion, Spreading, and Proliferation.

J Funct Biomater · 2025 · PMC12112300 · PMID 40422830

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a significant trendno p-value reported

However, the BMSCs in the Meso-1 group did not show a significant trend towards osteogenic differentiation, with the expression levels of some genes being significantly lower than those in the control group or Nano-1 group.

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