A Systematic Review of Oxidative Stress Markers and Risk of Coronary Artery Calcification.

Although an increasing trend was observed for higher CAC scores in subjects with elevated MPO levels, adjusting for major CVD covariates revealed a trivial association between MPO concentrations and increased CAC levels. 4 Notably, no direct relationship between CAC and total bilirubin was found.

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Moreover, MPO oxidizes apoA1 in HDL and depletes nitric oxide (NO), causing vasoconstriction and damage. 35 , 47 , 48 Wong et al 4 conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 1302 adults without CAD and found that although increased MPO levels showed a trend toward elevated subclinical atherosclerosis grade and higher CAC levels, the association became nonsignificant after adjusting for CVD covariates.

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