Spasm and electromyography intensity of bilateral extensor during relaxation period in trunk anterior flexion-extension performance response to sustained asymmetry spinal loading.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord · 2025 · PMC12144801 · PMID 40483469

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0620

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.3920

boldest claim

The sentences

a decreasing trendp = 0.062so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

During the intervention, NEMG of lTES1, rTES, lLES and rLES showed a decreasing trend in the last 10 min by comparison with the first 10 min (−58%, p = 0.062; −13%, p = 0.577; −6%, p = 0.829 and −60%, p = 0.021 respectively).

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showed a trendp = 0.392not close (p > 0.1)

lTES showed a trend of decreasing (−17%, p = 0.392) whereas rTES showed a trend of increase (9%, p = 0.710).

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may be significantno p-value reported

The radial bulging of the annulus fibrosus and the loss of fluid in the lumbar IVD may be significant factors contributing to pinal shortening [ 18 , 19 ].

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.