The range and variation in serum estradiol concentration in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women treated with transdermal estradiol in a real-world setting: a cross-sectional study.

Menopause · 2025 · PMC12147738 · PMID 39689249

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0740

closest p · 1.5× alpha

0.0740

boldest claim

The sentences

failed to reach statistical significanceP = 0.074so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

There was a trend toward greater variance in women using higher doses, but the association failed to reach statistical significance ( P = 0.074).

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failed to reach significanceno p-value reported

Higher levels were more frequently observed in younger women with higher, fluctuating endogenous estradiol levels, and in gel users with higher peak levels versus patch users, but the associations failed to reach significance at the 5% level.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.