Restoration of intestinal secondary bile acid synthesis: A potential approach to improve pancreatic β cell function in type 1 diabetes.

Furthermore, as islet autoimmunity progressed toward clinical diagnosis, the levels of secondary bile acids, particularly those detected in fecal samples, exhibited a decreasing trend. 17 Our study demonstrated that patients with T1D exhibit significant downregulation of metabolic pathways, bai operons, and HSDH genes associated with secondary bile acid biosynthesis compared to HCs.

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While there was a trend toward increased regulatory T cells (Tregs) post-treatment, this did not reach statistical significance.

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