Association between weight fluctuation and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

However, analysis of the nonlinear association between net weight change and MASLD risk showed that for the weight gain of 5–15 kg, the risk of MASLD in mid-to-late adulthood was very close between low-intensity and medium-intensity physical activity, whereas for other values of net weight change, the risk of MASLD showed a trend of “low-intensity physical activity > medium-intensity physical activity > high-intensity physical activity” (Figure 3 ).

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Notably, 62.68% of the participants had low physical activity intensity, and the overall BMI of the participants showed an increasing trend from 24.16 at age 25 years to 27.53 at 10 years before baseline and 29.16 at baseline, with a mean weight change from 10 years before baseline of 4.56 kg.

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