Toughening Effect of Micro-Cracks on Low-Temperature Crack Propagation in Asphalt Concrete.

Under the toughening effect of micro-cracks, with an increase in the main crack deflection angle β , the duration of the crack incubation stage showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing (see Table 4 ), indicating that the micro-cracks reduced the modulus damage of the asphalt concrete given that they could effectively delay the crack occurrence, as shown in Figure 8 b.

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