Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Optimized Planting Density Enhance Rice Yield by Improving the Panicle Type Index and Increasing the Filling Rate of Inferior Grains.

In addition, when the planting density increased from D 20 to D 10 , an increasing trend was observed in the number of filled grains and the total grain number on the secondary branches in the middle of the panicle, as well as the number of filled grains on the secondary branches in the lower part of the panicle.

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The Correlation of PTI with Yield and the Grain Number of Secondary Branches The correlation analysis results show that in 2020 and 2021, the yield exhibited a highly significant positive linear correlation with PTI, with correlation coefficients (R 2 ) of 0.8974 and 0.9477, respectively ( Figure 4 A,B).

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With the increase in the N application rate, the changing trends of grain filling parameters of SGs and IGs of DP128 are as follows: The grain weight with the maximum grain filling rate ( W max ), the G max , and the G mean exhibited an overall trend of initially increasing and subsequently decreasing.

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With the increase in the N application rate, the yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

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