Off-target drift of the herbicide dicamba disrupts plant-pollinator interactions via novel pathways.

New Phytol · 2025 · PMC12177303 · PMID 39887708

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nearly significantP = 0.10so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Dicamba drift exposure led to a nearly significant reduction in the total number of flowers produced over the experiment (treatment effect, χ 1 2 = 2.68, P = 0.10; Table S4 ) with S. spinosa, I. hederacea , and D. carota exhibiting significantly fewer flowers in the presence of dicamba (species × treatment effect, χ 8 2 = 6.18, P < 0.001; Table S4 , see Fig.

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