Assessing the Impact of Spraying an <i>E. faecium</i> Probiotic at Hatch and Supplementing Feed with a Triple-Strain <i>Bacillus</i>-Based Additive on BCO Lameness Incidence in Broiler Chickens.

The NC group also had significantly higher cumulative lameness incidence than all treatment groups, with highly significant comparisons to T3 ( p < 0.0004 ), T4 ( p = 0.0014 ), and T5 ( p < 0.0001 ).

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Although birds receiving probiotic treatments showed some reductions in lesion incidence, the lack of a clear trend in lesion severity or distribution across groups supports earlier research suggesting that probiotics may alleviate clinical signs of lameness without fully reversing underlying bone pathology [ 27 ].

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